Education in International Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Education in International Development - Essay Example till, it has been noted that the problem is not inherently linked to the political process and could be linked to disconnect between the citizens’ needs and the country’s policies. Gewald et al (2012: p29) emphasize the critical link between political participation and education, especially noting that education is essential to the social, economic, and political development of Zambia. Zambia’s Ministry of Education has since the early 90s been determined enhance access and quality of education in accordance to the societies needs (Sardanis, 2014: p21). This paper will seek to discuss the effects of underdevelopment on the provision of education in Zambia, while also evaluating the impact of policies, practices, and projects on schooling in Zambia. First, an overview of Zambia’s current economic development and political situation will be given. Zambia’s economy is heavily reliant on the mining industry, specifically copper mining. However, the costs of production continues to rise as copper reserves are depleted, while income is unstable due to copper prices on the world market, which has been identified as a reason why Zambia should diversify its economic base (Baldini & IMF, 2012: p35). The agricultural industry is poorly developed, while major investments both public and foreign in the manufacturing industry only took place following the country’s independence from Britain. Involvement of the state in almost every economic aspect has led to a highly bureaucratic and centralized economic structure. In real terms, economic growth in 2013 in Zambia declined by 6.5%, particularly because of a fall in output of cotton and maize that makes up most of the country’s economic output (Baldini & IMF, 2012: p35). Largely, real GDP growth is driven by the public, transportation, construction, communications, min ing, and manufacturing sector. Copper contributes to at least 70% of Zambia’s export earnings, although non-traditional exports like agriculture

Translating Cultural Subtext in Modern Korean Fiction :: Free Essays Online

Translating Cultural Subtext in Modern Korean Fiction Translation as an Act of Bridging Two Cultures Literary translation can be described in many ways. In the first place we can think of it as retelling, in that we take a Korean story and tell it in English. In retelling the story we make it public. This means we have an audience, either readers of our translation or listeners of a public reading of that translation. Public readings are an important way of disseminating a translation. And in the case of Korea, readings have a special relevance. In premodern times improvised poems were often shared during gatherings of literati. Even today poetry readings are not uncommon in Korea (though readings of fiction are rare--a vestige of the greater esteem traditionally attached to poetry by Koreans?). Retelling is an especially apt approach to translation when we translate an author such as Pak Wan-sà ´, whose narrators often sound as if they are speaking directly to the reader. Second, we can think of translating as an act of re-creating, in the sense that translators produce something that is recognized as literature (whatever that is--anyone who has read the first chapter of Terry Eagleton’s Literary Theory will realize how difficult it is to precisely define literature). Translation can also be thought of as reenacting. Here I draw on the Lacanian notion of retrieving a lost narrative of our life. Translators may be thought of as taking part as a silent observer, or, to borrow the title of a Joseph Conrad story, as a â€Å"secret sharer,† in the stories they reenact. Finally, translation is a joint enterprise between translator and author. As such, it is desirable to have a good match between author and translator. Such a match often manifests itself as a similarity of aesthetic outlook and a shared commitment to the author’s works. In this joint enterprise the translator is a kind of medium. JaHyun Kim Haboush reports, for example, that the voice of Lady Hong rang in her head for years as she translated that princess’s memoirs, the Hanjungnok. Other translators have described this phenomenon as a merging of themselves with the persona of their author. The late Marshall R. Pihl reported having such an experience while translating stories by O Yà ´ng-su; I myself have had a similar experience in translating stories by Hwang Sun-wà ´n and O Chà ´ng-hà »i.

Royal Wedding Media Coverage

Example of a great media coverage The Royal wedding in 2011 Many PR specialists define the Royal Wedding of Kate Middleton and prince William as the PR event of the year. It is a proof that a well- managed event can resonate for months or even years. It has set the beginning of the reputation building of this new family. As Pagefield's founder and senior partner Mark Gallagher argues, the event not only promoted the young couple, but also gave the monarchy, London and the UK a boost. Before the event, there was an estimated number of 8500 journalists expected to arrive in London from abroad.More than 36 broadcasters, such as BBC, Sky News, ABC, NBC, CBS, Al-Jazeera etc. ; were housed in a special structure, built close to the Westminster Abbey, where the wedding took place. Apart from nearly 2000 guests, 40 broadcast cameras, 12 photographers and 28 reporters from national, international and regional media were expected. More than 100 overseas broadcasting organizations were transmit ting the event. BBC had the biggest broadcasting presence with around 550 people staff at a cost of ? 2 million. The US networks have begun their coverage at 3 a. m. n the west coast. 64% of Americans said that they believe that the event has received too much attention in the media, however 28% of US citizens have admitted that they have followed the wedding very closely. The wedding’s audience has reached 2 billion people worldwide. According to Google, there are over 162 million web pages mentioning the wedding. It was estimated to bring ? 630 million into the economy. All these facts are a proof that the event has received great, or even excessive media ; editorial coverage worldwide and has reached a huge number of people.This has probably turned it into the TV (PR) event of the century. An example of the number of articles that only CNN has concerning the Royal wedding: http://edition. cnn. com/SPECIALS/2011/royal. wedding/ . —————â₠¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ [ 1 ]. http://www. prweek. com/uk/features/1124547/the-power-books-top-5-pr-campaigns-2011/ [ 2 ]. http://www. guardian. co. uk/uk/2011/apr/28/royal-wedding-media-tv-audience [ 3 ]. http://www. guardian. co. uk/news/datablog/2011/apr/29/royal-wedding-numbers-figures

Satyagrah A New Phrase For The Spiritual Approach On The...

Amidst the ongoing campaigns to challenge British encroachments on the rights of Indians in early 20th century South Africa, Mohandas Karamachand Gandhi coined a new phrase for the spiritual approach he took to his political work: satyagraha. Gene Sharp has written perhaps the most concise explanation of Satyagraha. â€Å"Satyagraha,† he writes, â€Å"is best translated as the firmness which comes from reliance on truth, and truth here has connotations of essence of being.† Sharp’s description of satyagraha as constituting, on a basic level, notions of â€Å"truth† and â€Å"essence of being† requires that we treat satyagraha as site of inquiry rather than as an explanation. Firstly, we should interrogate Gandhian ideas about truth and being and, secondly, we should examine how these ways of knowing and ways of being were reinterpreted for the black freedom struggle in the United States. In this way, it’s possible to break the concept of sat yagraha into its constituent parts: what does â€Å"firm being† mean for Gandhi? What about truth? And how do these religious ways of knowing square with Gandhi’s politics? Such questions gain clarification by examining the deep influence of Jain ideas on the Hindu Gandhi. Growing up in the city of Rajkot in the Gujarat region of Western India, Gandhi was surrounded by Jains and Jain ideas, but a wealthy Jain jeweler named Raychand inspired Gandhi to refract fundamental religious questions about being and truth through the prism of Jain principles. â€Å"What is